Thirty Years´ War in Jeseník Region. Sources, State of Art and Perspectives of Research
Jan Petrásek
DOI 10.69108/slsb.2024.1.01
The study tries to capture the course, and especially the consequences, of the Thirty Years‘ War in individual municipalities in the territory of today‘s Jeseník region. For this, it mainly uses scattered and incomplete short excerpts from archival material collected in the interwar period by the researcher Angela Drechsler, which, in many cases, no longer exists today. It then tries to confront this at least partially sourced information with the existing historiographical production and, if possible, also with the original text of the published sources. Since the level, value, state of preservation and amount of source records do not allow a more comprehensive overview of all events between 1618 and 1648, the study represents rather an outline of the possibilities and directions of further research on the issue under investigation.
Strategies of Action of Teachers‘ Unions (and their Representatives) towards the Educational Administration in Austrian Times (on the Example of the Teachers‘ Association in Orlová). The Case of Josef Vluka and Jan Bena
Marzena Bogus-Spyra
DOI 10.69108/slsb.2024.1.02
With the creation of new systems of universal education in the 19th century, the number of teachers employed in elementary education increased. The multitude of professional duties imposed on them did not go hand in hand with appropriate financial gratification and respect for the environment, which led to a fight for the state‘s interests of this group. They began to create local associations, then national associations, and finally headquarters representing various groups. One of such organisations was Teachers Union in Orlová Region. (Učitelská jednota na Orlovsku). One of leading personalities was Jan Vluka, educator, local social activist, folklore enthusiast and publicist who, while caring for professional and national rights, ran afoul of the authorities and was suspended as a teacher. After he was elected president of the above-mentioned society in January 1908, the members tried to help him reverse the repression. His most important ally was Jan Bena, secretary of the union, who was also active in local politics in Dětmarovice, who was also dismissed from his teaching position over time.
Internal conflicts in the organization and external conflicts related to the supervision of the authorities were getting stronger, which affected the society‘s activities. There was also a dispute between Czech activists and Poles over the functioning of schools in the ethnically mixed coalfield, in which Vluka and other activists of the society were heavily involved.
“War of Policemen”: Struggle for Power within Security Apparatus in the Territory of Ostrava Branch of Moravian-Silesian Provincial National Committee in Early Post-War Period
Lubomír Hlavienka – Ondřej Kolář
DOI 10.69108/slsb.2024.1.03
The article focuses on personal conflicts in headquarters of Czechoslovak police force in Ostrava following the end of World War II between group of pre-war police officers and the new administration led by war veterans with no previous police experience, led by Vladimír Sedlář. The case included mutual allegations of collaboration with Nazi regime and the conflict quickly became severely politicised, as both parties looked for support from central institutions in Prague. Even Soviet military and intelligence authorities got involved in the case. Although the new leadership technically won the conflict due to the support of regional communist administration, Sedlář and his close co-workers still faced criticism from their colleagues and the public and had to be transferred.
The paper examined motivations of individual participants and political connections of the conflict in the context of administrative and social development of the region. The research is based on preserved police agenda, agenda of public administration and published memoirs of people involved in the case.
Nové Hrady in South Bohemia under the Command of the Border Guard Unit. Everyday life and festivities in the region of Nové Hrady in the second half of the 20th century through the eyes of border guards-chroniclers
Zuzana Duchková
DOI 10.69108/slsb.2024.1.04
The region of Nové Hrady, a South Bohemian border area with a majority German population, radically changed after World War II. After the displacement of the original inhabitants and the arrival of new residents, it became a guarded area. It had to submit to many requirements and special directives from the Border Guard Unit. The presented study deals with the impact of the residence of this unit on the cultural-historical environment of the town of Nové Hrady, its stay in the baroque Servite monastery, the relationship of the new residents to the original heritage, which had not been left by their ancestors, and the creation of new traditions, some of which have survived to the present day and, on the other hand, some have quickly disappeared again. The main part will be dedicated to the holidays and festivities that took place with the participation of the Board Guard Unit and influenced the life of the entire town near the Austrian border. From the available sources (primarily from the chronicles of the Board Guard Unit), the regular and festive year of the Board Guard Unit and its changes during the years 1950–1989 (e.g. inclusion of new holidays, etc.) will be reconstructed. Finally, the cultural-historical development after 1989 in the town of Nové Hrady is indicated.
